Osx Python3
此外你还可以使用 OSX 的 brew 来安装 mongodb： brew tap mongodb/brew brew install mongodb-community@4.4 @ 符号后面的 4.4 是最新版本号。. Python 3 is available for Windows, Mac OS and most of the flavors of Linux operating system. Even though Python 2 is available for many other OSs, Python 3 support either has not been made available for them or has been dropped.
- Linux Python 3 Pip Install
- Osx Python Update
- Osx Install Python3.7
- Python 3.8 Osx
- Osx Python3 Uninstall
- Osx Python3 Path
- Os X Python3 Virtualenv
Mac OS X comes with Python 2.7 out of the box.
You do not need to install or configure anything else to use Python 2. Theseinstructions document the installation of Python 3.
Linux Python 3 Pip Install
The version of Python that ships with OS X is great for learning, but it’s notgood for development. The version shipped with OS X may be out of date from theofficial current Python release,which is considered the stable production version.
Doing it Right¶
Let’s install a real version of Python.
Before installing Python, you’ll need to install GCC. GCC can be obtainedby downloading Xcode, the smallerCommand Line Tools (must have anApple account) or the even smaller OSX-GCC-Installerpackage.
Note
If you already have Xcode installed, do not install OSX-GCC-Installer.In combination, the software can cause issues that are difficult todiagnose.
Note
If you perform a fresh install of Xcode, you will also need to add thecommandline tools by running xcode-select--install on the terminal.
While OS X comes with a large number of Unix utilities, those familiar withLinux systems will notice one key component missing: a package manager.Homebrew fills this void.
To install Homebrew, open Terminal oryour favorite OS X terminal emulator and run
The script will explain what changes it will make and prompt you before theinstallation begins.Once you’ve installed Homebrew, insert the Homebrew directory at the topof your PATH environment variable. You can do this by adding the followingline at the bottom of your ~/.profile file
If you have OS X 10.12 (Sierra) or older use this line instead
Now, we can install Python 3:
This will take a minute or two.
Pip¶
Homebrew installs pip pointing to the Homebrew’d Python 3 for you.
Working with Python 3¶
At this point, you have the system Python 2.7 available, potentially theHomebrew version of Python 2 installed, and the Homebrewversion of Python 3 as well.
will launch the Homebrew-installed Python 3 interpreter.
will launch the Homebrew-installed Python 2 interpreter (if any).
Osx Python Update
will launch the Homebrew-installed Python 3 interpreter.
If the Homebrew version of Python 2 is installed then pip2 will point to Python 2.If the Homebrew version of Python 3 is installed then pip will point to Python 3.
The rest of the guide will assume that python references Python 3.
Pipenv & Virtual Environments¶
The next step is to install Pipenv, so you can install dependencies and manage virtual environments.
A Virtual Environment is a tool to keep the dependencies required by different projectsin separate places, by creating virtual Python environments for them. It solves the“Project X depends on version 1.x but, Project Y needs 4.x” dilemma, and keepsyour global site-packages directory clean and manageable.
For example, you can work on a project which requires Django 1.10 while alsomaintaining a project which requires Django 1.8.
So, onward! To the Pipenv & Virtual Environments docs!
This page is a remixed version of another guide,which is available under the same license.
- Python 3 Basic Tutorial
- Python 3 Advanced Tutorial
- Python 3 Useful Resources
- Selected Reading
Python 3 is available for Windows, Mac OS and most of the flavors of Linux operating system. Even though Python 2 is available for many other OSs, Python 3 support either has not been made available for them or has been dropped.
Local Environment Setup
Open a terminal window and type 'python' to find out if it is already installed and which version is installed.
Getting Python
Windows platform
Binaries of latest version of Python 3 (Python 3.5.1) are available on this download page
The following different installation options are available.
- Windows x86-64 embeddable zip file
- Windows x86-64 executable installer
- Windows x86-64 web-based installer
- Windows x86 embeddable zip file
- Windows x86 executable installer
- Windows x86 web-based installer
Note − In order to install Python 3.5.1, minimum OS requirements are Windows 7 with SP1. For versions 3.0 to 3.4.x Windows XP is acceptable.
Linux platform
Different flavors of Linux use different package managers for installation of new packages.
On Ubuntu Linux, Python 3 is installed using the following command from the terminal.
Installation from source
Download Gzipped source tarball from Python's download URL − https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.5.1/Python-3.5.1.tgz
Mac OS
Download Mac OS installers from this URL − https://www.python.org/downloads/mac-osx/
- Mac OS X 64-bit/32-bit installer − python-3.5.1-macosx10.6.pkg
- Mac OS X 32-bit i386/PPC installer − python-3.5.1-macosx10.5.pkg
Double click this package file and follow the wizard instructions to install.
The most up-to-date and current source code, binaries, documentation, news, etc., is available on the official website of Python −
Python Official Website − https://www.python.org/
You can download Python documentation from the following site. The documentation is available in HTML, PDF and PostScript formats.
Python Documentation Website − www.python.org/doc/
Setting up PATH
Programs and other executable files can be in many directories. Hence, the operating systems provide a search path that lists the directories that it searches for executables.
The important features are −
The path is stored in an environment variable, which is a named string maintained by the operating system. This variable contains information available to the command shell and other programs.
The path variable is named as PATH in Unix or Path in Windows (Unix is case-sensitive; Windows is not).
In Mac OS, the installer handles the path details. To invoke the Python interpreter from any particular directory, you must add the Python directory to your path.
Osx Install Python3.7
Setting Path at Unix/Linux
To add the Python directory to the path for a particular session in Unix −
In the csh shell − type setenv PATH '$PATH:/usr/local/bin/python3' and press Enter.
In the bash shell (Linux) − type export PYTHONPATH=/usr/local/bin/python3.4 and press Enter.
In the sh or ksh shell − type PATH = '$PATH:/usr/local/bin/python3' and press Enter.
Note − /usr/local/bin/python3 is the path of the Python directory.
Setting Path at Windows
Python 3.8 Osx
To add the Python directory to the path for a particular session in Windows −
At the command prompt − type path %path%;C:Python and press Enter.
Note − C:Python is the path of the Python directory
Python Environment Variables
Here are important environment variables, which are recognized by Python −
| Sr.No. | Variable & Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | PYTHONPATH It has a role similar to PATH. This variable tells the Python interpreter where to locate the module files imported into a program. It should include the Python source library directory and the directories containing Python source code. PYTHONPATH is sometimes preset by the Python installer. |
| 2 | PYTHONSTARTUP It contains the path of an initialization file containing Python source code. It is executed every time you start the interpreter. It is named as .pythonrc.py in Unix and it contains commands that load utilities or modify PYTHONPATH. |
| 3 | PYTHONCASEOK It is used in Windows to instruct Python to find the first case-insensitive match in an import statement. Set this variable to any value to activate it. |
| 4 | PYTHONHOME It is an alternative module search path. It is usually embedded in the PYTHONSTARTUP or PYTHONPATH directories to make switching module libraries easy. |
Running Python
There are three different ways to start Python −
Interactive Interpreter
You can start Python from Unix, DOS, or any other system that provides you a command-line interpreter or shell window.
Enter python the command line.
Start coding right away in the interactive interpreter.
Osx Python3 Uninstall
Here is the list of all the available command line options −
| Sr.No. | Option & Description |
|---|---|
| 1 | -d provide debug output |
| 2 | -O generate optimized bytecode (resulting in .pyo files) |
| 3 | -S do not run import site to look for Python paths on startup |
| 4 | -v verbose output (detailed trace on import statements) |
| 5 | -X disable class-based built-in exceptions (just use strings); obsolete starting with version 1.6 |
| 6 | -c cmd run Python script sent in as cmd string |
| 7 | file run Python script from given file |
Script from the Command-line
A Python script can be executed at the command line by invoking the interpreter on your application, as shown in the following example.
Note − Be sure the file permission mode allows execution.
Integrated Development Environment
You can run Python from a Graphical User Interface (GUI) environment as well, if you have a GUI application on your system that supports Python.
Unix − IDLE is the very first Unix IDE for Python.
Windows − PythonWin is the first Windows interface for Python and is an IDE with a GUI.
Macintosh − The Macintosh version of Python along with the IDLE IDE is available from the main website, downloadable as either MacBinary or BinHex'd files.
Osx Python3 Path
If you are not able to set up the environment properly, then you can take the help of your system admin. Make sure the Python environment is properly set up and working perfectly fine.
Os X Python3 Virtualenv
Note − All the examples given in subsequent chapters are executed with Python 3.4.1 version available on Windows 7 and Ubuntu Linux.
We have already set up Python Programming environment online, so that you can execute all the available examples online while you are learning theory. Feel free to modify any example and execute it online.